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unix philosophy
The Unix philosophy, originated by Ken Thompson, is a set of cultural norms and philosophical approaches to developing small yet capable software based on the experience of leading developers of the Unix operating system. Early Unix developers were important in bringing the concepts of modularity and reusability into software engineering practice, spawning a "software tools" movement. Over time, the leading developers of Unix (and programs that ran on it) established a set of cultural norms for developing software, norms which became as important and influential as the technology of Unix itself; this has been termed the "Unix philosophy."
The Unix philosophy emphasizes building short, simple, clear, modular, and extensible code that can be easily maintained and repurposed by developers other than its creators. The Unix philosophy favors composability as opposed to monolithic design.
==Origin==
Doug McIlroy attributes the philosophy of combining "small, sharp tools" to accomplish larger tasks to Ken Thompson, one of the creators of Unix. Ken Thompson worked with Joseph Henry Condon in the 1970s, who discussed a then-current philosophy of cognitive engineering,〔 apparently focused on how engineers comprehend and form a personal cognitive model of a system. It was practised by Don Norman, who had a background in cognitive science and later published "The truth about Unix: ''The user interface is horrid''" in ''Datamation'' (1981).
The development of pipes formalized the existing principle of stdin-stdout into a philosophy in Version 3 Unix, with older software rewritten to comply. Previously visible in early utilities such as wc, cat, and uniq, McIlroy cites Thompson's grep as what "ingrained the tools outlook irrevocably" in the operating system, with later tools like tr, m4, and sed imitating how grep transforms the input stream.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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